نشریه دانشور پزشکی
پیاپی 107 (آبان 1392)

The glycoprotein hormone secreted from anterior pituitary gland are heterodimeric, non- covalently consisting of a common α subunit and a hormone-specific β subunit. Due to the lack of adequate access to hormones and the possibility of contamination, this study attempted to clone two subunits of LH hormone by using IRES sequence in eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-NI for clinical purposes. To clone the LH hormone, we designed the subunits alpha and beta sequences, then synthesized the plasmid vector pGEM-BI. The designed sequence was subcloned in the SmaI site of expression plasmid pEGFP-N1. The resulting plasmid was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and PCR. PCR and restriction enzyme analysis showed that the plasmid pEGFP-Nl-α-IRES-β contains the correct sequence of the target gene sequences in the gene bank. Since the plasmid has a proper structure, it can be used to transfer into eukaryotic systems and is also appropriate for the evaluation of expression.

Renal replacement therapy using dialysis or kidney transplantation increases survival of patients with chronic kidney disease. Hearing loss is an important complication in chronic renal failure and various causes have been mentioned for it. Due to the importance of this issue, we have intended to assess hearing threshold changes in patients with chronic kidney disease during one session of hemodialysis. This cross-sectional study was enrolled on 76 hemodialysis patients in the hemodialysis ward of Mostafa Khomeini hospital. We performed pure tone audiometry test before and after one session of hemodialysis and 6 months later on patients. All the lab exams were sampled before and immediately after the end of dialysis from the same venous needles as monthly routine lab exam without any additional sampling. There was a significant hearing threshold improvement after one session of hemodialysis. We found a significant correlation between hearing threshold changes and weight changes, diabetes, dialysis duration and duration of session. But there was not any significant correlation between changes in sodium, potassium, urea and changes in hearing thresholds after hemodialysis. A significant improvement of hearing threshold at low frequencies after one session of hemodialysis was observed in the patients under 60 years old that supports the hypothesis that there is endolymphatic hydrops in dialysis patients.

Landmine and unexploded ordnance casualties usually accompany with physical and mental health problem. The aim of this study was toevaluate life satisfaction in children survivors of landmine and unexploded ordnance. Children with post war injuries due to landmine or unexploded ordnance were invited to participate in the study. The population was selected from provinces close to the Iran-Iraq border. Life satisfaction was measured by using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 15.0). The mean age of children was 16.11±1.99 years. The majority of the cases (85.9 %, n=67) were boys. About two-third of the cases were student, and more than one-third were living in one province. Half of the study population (47.4%, n=37) were at high school level. The mean score of life satisfaction was 15.55±7.62. More than two-third of injured children (69.3%, n=54) reported that they are not satisfied with their life. Age, severity of disability and eye injury were significantly associated with life satisfaction. Results of this study showed poor life satisfaction in children survivors of landmine and unexploded ordnance

Generalized estimating equations are very common and popular in application correlated data and especially in longitudinal studies. However, despite the misspecification correlation structure between repeated measures of response variable, the estimation of the regression coefficients compatible will be asymptotic normal and consistent, however, for various reasons, such as increasing efficiency and reducing bias estimates, the selection of the appropriate correlation structure is very important for researchers. In this study, we introduced the working correlation structure and we try to showing the performance of each of them in a practical example on MRIT2* in patients with thalassemia. Choosing the true correlation structure needs measurement criteria that be coordinated in order to the quasi-likelihood. In recent years, several criteria have been proposed for the selection of appropriate structure. In this study, we also introduce the efficacy of these criteria in the selection of the true correlation structure. In this study, the appropriate correlation between cardiac and liver iron overload in two time points according to the QIC, CIC, RJ1 and RJ2 are respectively the exchangeable, unstructured and 2-dependent. In the GEE models, the evaluation criteria should be selected according to the nature of the studies and observations.

Adipokines including vaspin and chemerin play various biological roles, which are related to body mass index (BMI) changes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight-week intense sprint exercise on plasma levels of vaspin and chemerin in female Sprague-Dawley rats. In this study, 32 rats were randomly divided into two groups: 12 rats in control group and 20 rats in experimented group. For eight weeks, experimental group did sprint exercises based on an exercise program five days a week, while the control group had no training program. After eight weeks, an independentt-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The results showed that there was no significant difference between chemerin serum levels in rats that had undergone intensive exercise program as compared to the control group (p=0.18). On the other hand, vaspin serum levels significantly decreased (p=0.0001). In addition, no significant correlation was observed between vaspin and chemerin levels (p=0.28). According to theresults of the present study as well astheimportance of vaspin and chemerin level changes, it seems that the training time must be more than 8 weeks and the exercise intensity should be tailored to the individual's fitness level. Otherwise, subjects are not able to perform the exercise program properly.

A large number of hospitals in the world have implemented Health Promoting Hospital (HPH) programs. The objective of this study was to provide a model for its promotion in Iran. This study was a descriptive-analytical survey in selected hospitals of Iran. At first, we surveyed health promotion models based on comparative studies for selection of effective factors on Health Promoting Hospital (HPH). Then, the questionnaire was designed. The validity of questionnaire was computed by experts evaluation and the reliability of questionnaire was computed using Cronbach alpha(r= 0.89). At first, cluster sampling was used and 4 Medical Universities (Tehran, Gilan, Isfahan, and Shiraz) were selected. Then, in the provinces, random sampling among university professors, administrators, nursing managers and health promotion experts was done. The adequacy of sample volume was made using Kaiser Meyer Olkin method and the sample was 268. Afterwards, to determine relations of factors, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach by the softwares Spss 18 and Amos 18 was used. Findings showed that in the final model, 8 factors are effective. In this respect, the dissemination (0.64), policy (0.63), techniques for projects implementation (0.53), project implementation (0.51), evaluation (0.47) and society (0.47) have the highestto lowest regression weight or effect. Regarding the relationship between the structure and components of the model, it can be concluded that for establishment of HPH, health plans, health policy and information (dissemination of health promotion programs) should be developed

Increased and decreased CDK5gene expression regulation, as a protein kinase, is associated with launching death or survival pathways in the nervous system. According to the chronic effects of endurance training on growth germination, neuronal function and improvement ofpathological conditions of neurodegenerative diseases, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of 6-week endurance training on gene expression of CDK5 in sensory neurons of male Wistar rats with diabetic neuropathy. Twenty eight adult male Wistar rats in the weight range of 326.3±8.4 g, were randomly divided into four groups including healthy control (C), healthy training (HT), neuropathic control (N) and neuropathic training (NT). Diabetes was induced with one injection of STZ (45mg/kg). Training groups performed 6-week endurance training on the treadmill. Subjects sacrificed 24 hours after last session training. CDK5 gene expression in sensory spinal segments forming the sciatic nerve was measured with Real time technique and calculated using the 2-ΔΔCT method. For identifying significant differences between factors, two-way ANOVA method was used. After 6-week endurance training, CDK5 gene expression in sensory neurons of NT group was significantly lower than the NC group. Also, in comparison with neuropathy control, training led to a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in neuropathic training group. According to the specific role of CDK5 in neuronal growth or death, our study showed the beneficial effects of chronic endurance exercise on neuronal networks leading to reduced (modification) gene expression of CDK5 in a pathologic condition